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H. pylori is a small, spiral-shaped bacterium that lives on the surface of the stomach and duodenum. It is responsible for the aetiology of various gastrointestinal diseases, including duodenal and gastric ulcers, non-ulcerative dyspepsia and active and chronic gastritis. Invasive and non-invasive methods are used to diagnose H. pylori infection in patients with symptoms of gastrointestinal disease. Costly invasive diagnostic methods requiring samples include gastric or duodenal biopsy followed by urease testing (presumptive), culture and/or histological staining. Serological identification of specific antibodies is a common method for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection. The main limitation of the serological test is that it is not suitable for differentiating between previous and acute infection, as the antibody may be detectable in serum for a long time after the pathogen has been destroyed. The HpSA (H. pylori Stool Antigen) test is becoming increasingly popular for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection and for monitoring the effectiveness of treatment of H. pylori infection. Clinical studies have shown that more than 90% of patients with duodenal ulcers and 80% of patients with gastric ulcers are infected with H. pylori. The H. pylori Antigen Rapid Test Kit (stool) is a rapid immunochromatographic test for the qualitative detection of H. pylori antigens in 10 minutes from a human stool sample. The test is based on an antibody specific for H. pylori antigens, which selectively detects H. pylori antigen in human stool samples.
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